EffortDetect

LMA Recognition

Using position-based sensors

LMA information such as Shape (Swaminathan et al., 2009), Space (J. Rett, J. Dias, et al., 2008; J. Rett, Santos, et al., 2008; Jorg Rett & Jorge Dias, 2007a, 2007b), and Effort (Nakata, Mori, & Sato, 2002; Santos et al., 2009; L. Zhao, 2001; Liwei Zhao & Badler, 2005) have been inferred from movement data sensed by magnetic tracking and computer vision.

Using acceleration-based sensors

Movement recognition using accelerometers is a research area among some of the partners of this research proposal. LMA recognition of has been applied to touch-based interfaces in interactive art (T. Schiphorst, Lovell, & Jaffe, 2002). A prototype for recognizing developed by the Institute for Advanced Computing Applications and Technologies at the University of Illinois and the University of Illinois Dance Department, with the expertise of movement analyst Sarah Hook from the Dance Department, and in collaboration with Dr. Thecla Schiphorst.

Summary (in table form)

Type of sensor'	Example'	Higher-level semantics based on LMA (inferred from mid-level features)'
Acceleration	Gyroscopes	A prototype for recognizing LMA Effort using accelerometers is being developed by the Institute for Advanced Computing Applications and Technologies at the University of Illinois and the University of Illinois Dance Department, with the expertise of movement analyst Sarah Hook from the Dance Department, and in collaboration with Dr. Thecla Schiphorst (Subyen, Maranan, Schiphorst, Pasquier, & Bartram, 2011).
	Accelerometers
Touch	Pressure sensors	LMA recognition of has been applied to touch-based interfaces in interactive art (T. Schiphorst, Lovell, & Jaffe, 2002).
Position	Vision	Recognition of some aspects of Space, Space, and Effort categories have been reported (J. Rett, J. Dias, & Ahuactzin, 2008; J. Rett, Santos, & J. Dias, 2008; Jorg Rett & Jorge Dias, 2007a, 2007b; Santos, Prado, & J. Dias, 2009; Santos et al., 2009; Swaminathan et al., 2009; L. Zhao, 2001; Liwei Zhao & Badler, 2005).
	Magnetic
	Infrared
Biometric	Eye-tracking	Muscular tension is related to Effort Weight. Attention and intent are key themes in Effort Space. We propose that arousal can be affined to the extent by which a mover uses fighting qualities over indulging qualities.
	GSR
	Breath sensors
	EMG
	Heart rate sensors